Monday, December 30, 2019

Church s Stance On Homosexuality - 1687 Words

As people continue to evolve, the world strives to accommodate to their ever-changing interest. The businesses and establishments that do adapt continue to be every day components of human lives. However, well known establishments such as the church have struggled to evolve with modern times, resulting in a decline in members. Controversies such as the church’s stance on homosexuality, abortion, and the role of women have plagued the church for centuries, and continue to today. These reasons among several others are the distinguishing factor in lack of millennial interest in the church. According to the bible and those who directly follow its teachings, homosexuality is most certainly a sin. The creation story from a†¦show more content†¦So, that person requires the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ just like everybody else, and if that person is a practicing homosexual, they are constantly living in sin, constantly unworthy, and by the very nature of their life th ey are disobeying God and preventing themselves from entering Heaven, except by way of God’s mercy and forgiveness. That is a whole lot of handle for someone who is born with a natural affinity for the same sex: their very nature is eternally unclean and sinful and if they continue to live the way the do they will never be able to achieve eternal life with God. You think this concept may prevent some homosexuals from joining the church? It is estimated that roughly 3.3% of today’s US population identifies as homosexual, with another 4% identifying as bisexual. That adds up to roughly 7% of today’s population in the United States who would never consider attending church or becoming a believer in Jesus Christ because it isShow MoreRelatedA New Era For Catholicism?1324 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Catholic Church since Argentina’s Bishop, Father Francis, became the new Pope. This renewal appears evident when listening to the Pope’s speech on homosexuali ty. Many of the world’s approximately one billion Catholics were shocked that he is taking a liberal stance in the Church and opening the Catholic community to these supposed sinners. However, it is important to consider why people still view Pope Francis as an open-minded Pope, especially since he has shown similar stances as his predecessorsRead MorePastoral Conversation Of A Confessional Nature1403 Words   |  6 Pagesthe church so that a member could lead worship while sitting and without having to navigate the stairs to the lectern. 5) Will you regard all pastoral conversation of a confessional nature as a trust between the person concerned and God? Yes I will, unless they are an imminent threat to themselves or another person. I am up front about that caveat before I have any conversation with someone seeking counsel. 6) Provide evidence of experience in peace and justice ministries. Our church hostsRead MoreHomosexuality From The Church s Point Of View1475 Words   |  6 PagesHomosexuality is defined as â€Å"sexual desire or behavior directed towards a person or persons of one’s own sex† by dictionary.com. Although there are many people who don’t support equal rights for homosexuals, and many that do, the church’s stance, though, seems to be split as well with many conflicting views. The paper will address homosexuality from the Church’s point of view going through both sides of the argument. An even more generous, intelligent and prudent pastoral commitment, modeledRead MoreWhat Makes Russia so Homophobic?1756 Words   |  7 PagesWhat Makes Russia so Homophobic? By Emma Witkin Homophobia is the fear or hatred of homosexuals and homosexuality and is a trait that, according to Olga Khazan, over half of Russian citizens possess. It can be expressed in many different negative ways but it almost always results in harm to LGBT people. Homophobia has become a huge issue in Russia and in 2013 there were 25 hate crimes 2 of which resulted in murder (Spotlight on Russian Homophobia on Eve of Sochi Olympics). Homophobia in Russia hasRead MoreHistory Of The Mennonite Religion Essay919 Words   |  4 PagesThe Mennonites are a very simple religion that started off after the Roman church. They believe that life is to be lived simple, but not as much as the Amish. Mennonites are a branch off of the amish. This paper will be going through the history of the Mennonite religion. Beginning with who founded the Mennonite faith and where it was started. Following with their actual beliefs and who they follow. Ending with the stance of the Mennonite religion on the environment . Starting with a brief historyRead MoreEssay about Gender Issues in Religion1633 Words   |  7 Pagesbe priests, despite the fact that there are many examples in the Bible of Jesus telling people through parables and other means that everyone is equal. Some Catholics just accept the fact that women cannot be priests in the Catholic Church, as this is the Popes orders and he is infallible. Nobody seems to dispute that the Pope must be male, firstly because Pope means father and maybe because they know that the idea of a woman becoming Pope is just too unlikely. HoweverRead MoreEssay on Homosexuality and the Anglican Church1984 Words   |  8 PagesIn recent years, the issue of homosexuality has been a controversial and frequently discussed topic within the Anglican tradition. The Lambeth conference is an assembly of bishops of the Anglican Communion and is convened by the Archbishop of Canterbury. The conference allows for a collaborative and consultation function which allows for relevant issues to be discussed within the communion (â€Å"Lambeth Conferences†). The argument over homosexuality was discussed predominately as a communion wide issueRead MoreA Visitation Of Spirits By Randall Kenan1341 Words   |  6 Pagesreceived numerous awards. (RandallKenan.com) Randall Kenan is a talented African-American author of the present era who writes about the human condition. He not only writes about what it is like to be a black man in the south, but he throws in homosexuality into the bible belt. Kenan repeatedly pits homosexual characters against an oppressive, closed minded community that is against new views of acceptance and equality of the times. With these themes of racial and sexual identity, forgiveness andRead MoreI Am Not My Sexuality2343 Words   |  10 PagesI Am Not My Sexuality: Annotated Bibliography and Outline Unit 5 Course 5334 Annotated Bibliography Aldrich, R. (2004). Homosexuality and the city: an historical overview. Urban Studies, 41(9), 1719-1737. Aldrich gives a historical overview of the history of homosexuality. He goes back to the Roman times and discusses Sodom and Gomorrah and continues to the present day. He makes mention of how homosexuals left various cities to escape the traditional life constraints and went to other citiesRead MoreHomosexuality in Religion1795 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Homosexuality in Christianity† Comparable to racism and sexism, homophobia is another type of discrimination that will, unfortunately, most likely always exist throughout this generation. Religion and The idea of homosexuality tends to be offensive to many religiously people, especially Christians. One of the â€Å"Golden Rules† stated in the Bible is to treat others how you would like to be treated, yet homosexuals are mistreated by many Christians all the time. The issue of homosexuality in Christianity

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Social Constructivism A Theory Of Knowledge - 1091 Words

â€Å"Social constructivism is a theory of knowledge in sociology and communication theory that examines the development of jointly constructed understandings of the world that form the basis for shared assumptions about reality† (). This deeply connects with education because the theory focuses on the idea that human development is socially situated and knowledge is constructed through interaction with others. In a constructivist style classroom, the focus shifts from the teacher to the students. It is not the expert sitting there lecturing to a bunch of kids and expecting them to learn the information they are spitting out at them. In the constructivist style classroom, the students are urged to be actively involved in their own process of learning and participate in a more student run process. The teacher’s role is to consider the knowledge and experiences that each student brings to the class and construct that knowledge through a process of active enquiry. It is also the teachers job to create situations where the students feel safe questioning and reflecting on their own processes present authentic tasks to contextualize learning through real-world, case-based learning environments (). The main goal in this type of learning environment is problem solving. Students use inquiry methods to grasp a topic on their own and discover it for themselves and then the teacher is there to help and encourage the students when needed. As the students learn more about their topic theyShow MoreRelatedConstructivism : A Cognitive Learning Theory1151 Words   |  5 Pages Constructivism: A Cognitive Learning Theory Erica Johnson Lourdes University â€Æ' Constructivism: A Cognitive Learning Theory According to Kivunja (2014), â€Å"a learning paradigm is a conceptual model that represents understanding of relationships involved in the learning process† (p.82). Cognitive learning theories were developed from the work of Gestalt psychologists during the early 1900’s (Billings Halstead, 2012). According to Billings Halstead (2012), â€Å"Gestalt psychologists believe peopleRead MoreConstructivism1400 Words   |  6 PagesConstructivism Learning Theory Constructivism learning theory is a philosophy which enhances students logical and conceptual growth. The underlying concept within the constructivism learning theory is the role which experiences-or connections with the adjoining atmosphere-play in student education. The constructivism learning theory argues that people produce knowledge and form meaning based upon their experiences. Two of the key concepts within the constructivism learning theory which createRead MoreConstructivism And Constructivism724 Words   |  3 PagesConstructivism is a type of method that has changed and continues to change with time. It has been stated that due to the fact of the ever-changing definition many have called the definition empty. According to Kretchmar (2017), â€Å"So many different definitions currently exist some scholars believe constructivism has been emptied of meaning altogether.† Sofie M. M. Loyens and David Gijbels (2008), defines constructivism as â€Å"the way in which people try to make sense of situations or, in other wordsRead More1.Is There A Link Between Learning And Behaviour? How Might1559 Words   |  7 Pagesprocesses the world and their environment through experiencing alternating changes in knowledge and behaviours. (Michie and Johnston, 2012) As with learning, there are many different types of behaviours. Psychology in general, describes itself as ‘the science of behaviour’therefore, defining behaviour in specific terms is challenging as it is forever changing. Hobbs, Campbell, Hildon and Michie’s (2011), study of theories of behaviour concluded that behaviour can be defined as ‘Anything a person doesRead MoreJean Piagets Influence On The Development Of Constructivism1032 Words   |  5 PagesConstructivism is defined by ( (Marsh, 2007) as a theory of how the learner constructs knowledge from experience, which is unique to each individual. The theories of constructivism require qualitative change evidence within conceptual content(Carey, Zaitchik, Bascandziev, 2015). Also, there’s a difference between cognitive constructivism and social constructivism. Cognitive Constructivism is when individuals construct ideas based off of personal process, whereas social constructivism believes thatRe ad MoreLearning Theory And Its Impact On Education1364 Words   |  6 Pagesprocess where the knowledge and skills to the learner are different after the learning. Learning theories as the conceptual frameworks that describe ways in which information gets absorbed, processed as well as retained in a learning process. Getting an understanding of knowledge development enables the teacher define methodology; to ensure effective teaching, attending to how the learner learns ensures that the practices used by the teacher are enhanced. Constructivism theory was pioneered by JeromeRead MoreTheoretical Perspectives in Education Essay1289 Words   |  6 PagesTheories provide the foundation for educational practices, and many of them exist. While I consider my personal theory or philosophy of education to be one that is something of an ever-changing conglomerate of ideas, I realize that some of my guiding principals are directly attributed to well a well established theory. Three main theories of education exist: behavioral, constructivist, and cognitive. I find myself ideologically aligned most closely with the constructivist approach, yet for reasonsRead MoreConstructivism1479 Words   |  6 PagesConstructivism Essay Introduction In the past 40 years, education has been experiencing a revaluation. The aims of education have been changed because of the education theories, constructivism and behaviourism. According to educational theories, we discuss and compare behaviourism and constructivism in the views of knowledge, learning and instruction. The purpose of this academic essay is to discuss, reflect and conclude on two main educational theories, constructivism and behaviourismRead MoreLearning And Its Implications For Education Essay1271 Words   |  6 Pagesalways the case. In trying to understand the various theories of learning and their implications for education, it is helpful to realize that the term â€Å"learning† means different things to different people and is used somewhat differently in different theories.† Shuell makes an excellent point, as even though one word can have a universal shared meaning, not everyone may see it the way someone else sees it. According to Wikipedia, learning theories, â€Å"are conceptual frameworks describing how informationRead MoreLearning Theories Provide Instructional Designers With Instructional Strategies And Techniques870 Words   |  4 Pages Learning theories provide instructional designers with instructional strategies and techniques which facilitate learning. Each learning perspective discussed in this essay is in terms of specific interpretation of the learning process. The information presented provides the reader with a comparison and contrast of the differences in practical application in an instructional situation. The specific learning theories in this essay are behaviorism, constructivism and cognitivism. The essay

Friday, December 13, 2019

Analysis Of Todays Consumerism Anthropology Essay Free Essays

string(45) " the 1 that gives character to a trade name\." Everlasting consumerism has shaped the manner twenty-first century landscape looks like. It creates limitless demand of merchandises and shops in any possible infinite. Retail design is responsible to change over this possible infinite into a ‘consumerism infinite ‘ . We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis Of Todays Consumerism Anthropology Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is where people encounter strong force to see and purchase merchandises. A perfect illustration to demo grounds exists in manner universe. There is strong indicant of tense competition happens between dressing industry to win the market. In relation to that, the shop has become one cardinal facet or instead a strong statement to make trade name consciousness among public. The inquiry arise is how, in a comparatively over-saturated market, a shop can be perchance designed to convey strong message to pull the ‘crowd of consumerism ‘ into the infinite. 1.1. Consumerism Today The thought of consuming has changed over the past decennaries. Back to the early human civilisation period, most of the activities were needs-driven actions. Earlier, as huntsman gatherer, human hunted animate beings to be able to eat. Followed by agricultural period, agriculture and works cultivation were done to bring forth their nutrient. Consuming was a mere activity that must be done in order to last. In Industrial and technological age, the manner people consume things has changed. As more diverse merchandise being produced and diverse ways of distribution being invented, there are pleasure factors of devouring in signifier of picks. Peoples find excitement in taking what they want to devour. This leads to modern consumerism where the construct of consuming goes beyond the demands of endurance. 1.2.Shopping as Modern Consumerism Shopping is the twenty-first century ‘s representation of human consumerism. Peoples find delectations surrounded by scope of different stores and trade names. To be able to take and compares is the high spot of modern life consumerism. In signifiers of choosing, purchasing, and utilizing, shopping has catered these demands. Shopping can be seen as in a positive manner of carry throughing people ‘s demands and wants. But seemingly, it has developed so fast, in footings of activity, infinite, and merchandises. And over the past decennaries, it becomes major facet in human life. Museums, libraries, airdromes, infirmaries, and schools are going progressively identical from shopping. Their acceptance of retail for endurance has unleashed an tremendous moving ridge of commercial entrapment that has transformed museumgoers, research workers, travellers, patients, and pupils into clients ( Koolhaas cited in Luna, 2005, p.26 ) Shopping is arguably the most cosmopolitan activity today. The manner interior decorator design infinite has to follow this thought every bit good. Space has to be designed in such a manner to suit this, to enable people to shop anyplace, anytime. 1.3.The Being of Fashion Retail Fashion retail possibly is the best illustration to portray the modern consumerism. It shows how people thirstily choose what they wear under the limelight of diverse manner trade names. If the instance is taken to a higher degree, it demonstrates evidently how people determinations are led by pick alternatively of demands. High category manner trade names such as LMVH, Gucci, and Prada exist to function beyond people ‘s demand of vesture. They meet people ‘s desire for picks for scope of luxury merchandises. 1.4.Fashion of Singapore Singapore cityscape pictures clearly the being of international manner trade names. They, so, has become one strong attractive force point of Singapore for both local costumiers and tourers. Singapore is one of the chief competition spheres for these elephantine manner trade names in Asia. To be able to run into clients ‘ demand, every trade name has to come up with high-end design for its retail. Design and engineerings are optimized in its usage to hike the shopping experience that lead to trade name consciousness. All these things have to be done so that people will take certain trade name and non others. Orchard Road is a good illustration picturing the competition among these trade names. Interior design, facade intervention, show engineerings are being optimized to pull walkers along the route. 2.Retail Metempsychosis Peoples find pleasances in taking what they want. Retail has two different attacks in response to the demand. First, they must be able to supply a scope of merchandises for clients to take. Second, the retail itself capable to competition. That means it is besides considered one of so many picks in the market. In this affair, the retail has to turn out to the market that it is deserving chosen. The trade name, the merchandises, and the shop has to work together to stand out and creates strong consciousness in the market place. Retail has to rebirth, go forthing old conservative manner of advancing trade names, and making fresh interaction between merchandises and clients. 2.1.Brand Manifestation With a strong competition in the manner market, a strong typical image of a trade name is required to make public consciousness. The instance is non lone competition among merchandises but besides continues to the environment where the merchandises being promoted. At this phase, a shop has become cardinal tool for the trade name to make its images. A flagship shop is designed to represents the individuality of the trade name so. For new clients, the shop become the first things that attracts them before they go farther down to the merchandises being offered or even before they see the window shows. 2.1.1.Design for the Trade names Architecture and interior design are responsible to make environment to present merchandises to clients. Fashion retail, irrespective of manner, tendencies, or trade name individuality, should be able to make client consciousness and excite them to come and take it alternatively of other stores. This is the cardinal map of retail design before it goes down into a deeper and more specific case-based map. On higher degree, the designer or interior interior decorator must understand the nature of cloth and how single manner interior decorator, that is being represented, has their personal technique to handle it. This alone quality is the 1 that gives character to a trade name. You read "Analysis Of Todays Consumerism Anthropology Essay" in category "Essay examples" The character, so, must be translated into the infinite in order to make strong statement of the trade name. 2.1.2.Emphasizing Fictional character In order to be typical in an over-crowded market, a strong character of the trade name is required. This character is projected from the manner the trade name transport itself to the market. It consists of scope of merchandises and service being offered, and the environment of where the commercial activities take topographic point. Retail design has to be able to make the ambiance that span clients and merchandises. The shop acts as a bundle and shelter, literally and metaphorically, to the trade name. The character will merely be emphasized if there is integrity between the trade name, the merchandise, and the shop. 2.1.3.Characterizing Structure A shop as a physical shelter might be more than plenty to envelope the commercial activity go oning under it. But in manner universe, it goes farther than functionality. More than merely a topographic point to expose the merchandise and supplying circulation for people to walk and shop the merchandise, the retail has to associate itself to the merchandise and the company doctrine. In other words, the shop has to set up relation, in signifier and intent, with the apparels. The physical construction, that provide commercial environment, has to intermix in with the apparels and make overall integrity. Merely by this manner, the client will see the bigger image of the trade name, and non loose pieces of the trade names. One ideal illustration of harmoniousness between trade name and shop is shown in Calvin Klein shop located in Avenue Montaigne, Paris. Its shop, designed by John Pawson in 2002, made a good illustration of how the character of the apparels -especially the early Calvin Klein ‘s work- has been translated into the retail infinite. ( Klein ) has said â€Å" It ‘s of import non to confound simpleness with uninteresting, † and executes his simplified, refined, sportswear-based forms in epicurean natural fibres, †¦( Stegemeyer, 2004, p.130 ) It is the thought of simpleness that is systematically conveyed through the trade name, merchandises, and shop. Straight lines and clear infinite sequences brings out the lucidity of the apparels, making a clean and elusive atmosphere of the shop. The coveted simpleness atmosphere is reinforced through impersonal coloring material that is achieved by stuffs and illuming installing. 2.2.Design Differentiation A character manifestation to a infinite is inevitability necessities to make strong trade name consciousness. However, irrespective of the trade name that is being represented, manner shop can be typical by itself. It is a 2nd measure after set uping strong representation of the trade name. This is about different attack from the experience side, researching the interaction between merchandises and clients in a conducive controlled environment. In other word, it redefines the manner people shop inside a shop, making a fresh shopping experience. 2.2.1.New Fashion Stores Fundamental With Singapore landscape that has been over-crowded with shopping promenades and retail shops, the creative activity of retail shop should be more carefully considered. When the market is driven by consumerism, the rate of retail formation will go on to lift up. However, any retail creative activity should see avoiding similar add-on to the bing scene that might make impregnation to market. It is a scheme to hedge the similarity and, at the same clip, open up a opportunity to stand out in the market place. To turn to the issues, the shop must provide certain factors in its design attack in malice of the trade name it conveys. 2.2.2.Flexible Frequent Space Retails should be able to update themselves often. It has to be able to accommodate to new merchandises, seasonality, and client tendencies. There is a high degree of experimentation in retail design. It relates to manner, and manner alterations invariably, is surprising and wants to make experiences ( de Wild, 2009, p.14 ) In progress degree, apart from the impermanent things, it has to alter in order to make different interaction between clients and merchandise in each brush. In other word it needs to switch, non merely in footings of layout, but in a bigger shop strategy. By using this construct, it is non merely the window shows that change every clip new merchandises are launched, but the whole shop represent the show that able to alter wholly. The thought can be achieved by using modular system for the furniture, puting digital multimedia interface, utilizing less heavy fixed show furniture, and put ining replaceable illuming systems. 2.2.3.Centre of Social Activities The new construct of retail shop is non simply about providing commercial activities -selling, advertisement, and purchasing. It is to integrate retail infinite and communal infinite to be a societal meeting point. With the planetary tendency of denationalization, I think we are most interested in the thought of shopping as a new sort of public infinite. How can we enrich these experiences? Can we convey new content, information, thoughts and ocular experiences to shopping in a thoughtful and dynamic manner? ( Seller, 2009, p. 23 ) The thought is to ease people do many other animating activities in their shopping clip. This thought can be done by open-space construct shop, creative activity of different communal infinites inside the shop, and even distribution between merchandise show and cosmetic points -plants, resting furniture, etc. The ideal integrating of societal infinite and commercial infinite is when people are able to rest and relief without any force per unit area to purchase while they are unconsciously take pleasance in the merchandises and tempted to purchase. 2.2.4.Cultural Relevance Local relevance is of import to do a shop appears hospitable. Establishing relation with the local civilization is important to associate the planetary trade name to smaller local market. Selling merchandises is non about pelting possible clients with the planetary merchandises. Alternatively, it has to be relevant to the context and understand local clients. This can be manifested through adaptative re-use of local landmark as retail infinite, redevelopment of historical aged edifice, and design merger between trade name character and local civilization. The new construct shop is about being able to unite the attraction of the trade name with local gustatory sensation to make strong invitation and besides sense of belonging to clients. The design attack mentioned above can be applied into a shop regardless of trade names and merchandises. The intent is to make new manner of shopping. Back to the statement before where people find satisfaction to be able to take, it is how the choosing activity can be more valuable and rich in experience. When this attack merged with the trade name character, it becomes a holistic bundle that convey strongly to the market place. The mission is accomplished when people find delight in choosing and be able to trustingly take the trade name. 3. Decision The consumerism-driven market will do people enthusiastically choose the merchandises they want. With an over-saturated market in Singapore, an unconventional design is required to for a manner retail to be typical and therefore, win the market. First, the shop has to attest the trade name that it represents. The shop design must convey the trade name and merchandises philosophy to make holistic image and strong trade name consciousness. Second, in footings experience, it must make refreshing and enriching manner of shopping. In effort to accomplish the experience, shop demands to be designed with consideration of three attacks ( flexible frequent infinite, centre of societal activities, and cultural relevancy ) . The new retail shop requires changeless altering in order to supply up to day of the month shopping experience for clients. A shop has to be a societal assembly more than a commercial topographic point, supplying a placid customer-oriented ambiance. Additionally, it is nece ssary for a shop to hold a connexion with local context and make a sense of belonging in clients mind. Bibliography Antonini, Alessandra. 2008.Design Boutiques. Barcelona: Linkss Design Council, 2009.Retail Design. [ Online ] ( Updated 26 Oct 2008 ) Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.designcouncil.org.uk/About-Design/Design-Disciplines/Retail-Design/ [ Accessed 17 January 2010 ] de Wild, Femke. 2009. Retail Future.FRAME. Issue 69, Jul/Aug, p.14. EnterpriseOne, 2009.Recent Retail Trends A ; Future Developments. [ Online ] ( Updated 01 Jan 2010 ) Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.business.gov.sg/EN/Industries/Retail/StatisticsNTrends/FactsFiguresNTrends/retail_overview_trends.htm [ Accessed 12 January 2010 ] Harvard Design School. 2001.The Harvard Design School Guide to Shoping. Cambridge: Taschen Pawson, John.Calvin Klein Store Paris[ Photographs ] [ Online ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.johnpawson.com/architecture/stores/calvinklein/paris [ Accessed 5 April 2010 ] Luna, Ian. 2005.Retail. Architecture + Shoping. New York: Rizzoli Manuelli, Sara. 2006.Design for Shoping. London: Laurence King Mostaedi, Arian. 2004.Cool Shops. Singapore: Page One Pawley, Martin. 2000. Fashion + Architecture. London: Wiley-Academy Riewoldt, Otto. 2000.Retail Design.London: Page One 2002. Brandscaping. Berlin: Birkhauser Sellers, Susan. 2009. 2Ãâ€"4, Inc on interview with Idn.Idn vol 15 figure 6,pp.22-23. Singapore Department of Statistic. 2009. Yearbook of Statistics Singapore.Statisticss Singapore[ Internet ] ( Updated 13 Aug 2009 ) Available at:www.singstat.gov.sg/pubn/reference/yos09/yos2009.pdf [ Accessed 10 January 2010 ] . Stegemeyer, Anne. 2004.Who ‘s Who in Fashion. New York: Fairchild Publication. 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Thursday, December 5, 2019

Efficiency Business Models and Strategies - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Emerging Efficiency Business Models and Strategies. Answer: Introduction: CSL Limited is an international firm that deals with biopharmaceutical product used to treat severe medical conditions. The workers in are engaged in constant research with the aim of developing and gradually manufacturing pharmaceutical products for the markets. The products are used for the treatment of severe medical conditions affecting different people across the globe. The group has made an outstanding contribution for more than 90 years in the development of plasma proteins and vaccines. Its research and development facilities are located in and have many facilities in Australia, Germany, and Switzerland and have more than 10,000 employees spread across more than 27 countries. The focus of the centers located across the world includes developing new medical products and improving the existing one to solve a range of problems in the market. Firms Corporate Strategy The company employs many strategies in the market to respond to the growing force of competition across the world. The strategies examined in the report includes research and development and strategic alliances and acquisitions(Cawein, et al., 2017). With the view of gaining market strength, the firm entered into a strategic partnership with a company in the same industry GlaxoSmithKline to invest into the new market one of them being a Russian Federation and other countries. The move was attributed to increased market share and impressive growth. Further, this led to new inventions in the industry namely Privigen and Hizentra which contributed to increased earnings and this is expected to grow in the next decades(Gascn, et al., 2016). CSL Ltd. an Australian producer of blood-derived therapies management also sees growth and expansion opportunities in the acquisitions of other small companies which has various strengths in the biotech industry and their products and services promises growth in future(Cawein, et al., 2017). For example, the firm sees Mergers Acquisitions as a strategy that can add value to their products and services across the world. Besides, the company policy is embedded in the research and development of new and innovative products in the market. This is because there are new changes in the pharmaceutical industries and for the company to survive, research and development should be used a strategy to gain market dominance(Baranes, 2016). The company has invested massive resources research and development on a continual basis, and this has led to the development of products and services. The company research and development department is very strategic because it focuses on innovating products that are new to the market with the aim of ensuring continued growth of the enterprise. On the other hand, it enables development of new product and life cycle management of the existing product development(Schijns O'Hagan, 2016). It also ensures increased competitiveness of their product in the market and maximizing of the emerging opportunities of the service and product portfolios. For example, its investment has led to the manufacture of protein-based vaccines and medicines which are used to solve many medical problems, and this is an essential avenue for ensuring future growth. This is evidenced by the increase in investments in recent years in their RD programs. Currently, CSL Limited products are of high quality and competitive in the market. The report argues that continued balanced investment in RD will continue to improve the life cycle of the product and improvement of the existing products and services. In the end, there will be a short, mid and long-term commercial benefits(Murray, et al., 2014). Further, it will lead to the high opportunity of developing new product and undertaking of the activities that are aligned to the core capabilities and resulted in financial strengths(Cawein, et al., 2017). Criticisms Directed to SCL There have been various criticisms of the business practices which has been directed to the organization such as failure to pay loyalties and ethical issues touching on paying donors for blood plasma. The Biotech giant was involved in a case in the US when Third Sector New England and the University of Massachusetts accused the company of threatening to stop paying royalties related to a particular drug used treat a life-threatening disease across the world. The royalties were associated to CytoGam product which was involved its contract. In 2006, the biotech company entered into agreement agreed to purchase MedImmunes CytoGam at a cost not exceeding $US120 million which was used in treating cytomegalovirus that related to lung, kidney, liver, heart transplants and pancreas with an objective of widening it plasma drug portfolio in the industry. The case was solved when the company set up a new agreement to pay royalties when certain sales were meant(Greenbalt, 2016). Besides, CSL was criticized by medical business over price fixing issues. The case was filled with a Missouri medical facilities which claimed two rivals namely CSL and rival Baxter as conspiring to raise the prices for blood plasma medical products in the United States. The pharmaceutical company accessed the two of agreeing to keep supply as low as possible to maintain the demand and the prices high. The practices are reached up sophisticated models used by the companies to ensure oligopolies in the market. Besides CSL and the rival companies focuses on preventing an oversupply of their plasma products such as intravenous immunoglobulin. Also, there are practices like sharing of competition information to gain knowledge and reactions from other companies in the sector. The result of the conspiracy includes a steady rise in price for the products (Greenblat, 2009). However, after the intervention, the merger between Melbourne-based CSL and Talecris was cancelled to prevent the compa nies from controlling the U.S. market plasma products share(Adams Williams, 2017). The Porters five forces analysis is used by organizations to understand various forces in the industry where it operates. Having an understanding of these factors is instrumental in the identification of the issues that can increase the competitive advantage and market expansion. The analysis will explore the industry where CSL Limited operates through five major questions as follows. What is the possible threat of substitute products? What is the risk caused by competitors in the market? What is the level of competitive rivalry in the market? What is the level of bargaining power of buyers and suppliers in the industry?(Tukdeo, et al., 2016). There is a moderate threat of new entrant for CSL limited because the biotech sector is characterized by many small enterprises making developing a new product in a bid to capture the market share. Regarding this information, the barriers to entering the industry are high enough to scare away big business operating and those planning to enter into the firm. Besides, biotech companies require a considerable amount of capital to satisfy their RD budgets(Whaley Brown, 2015). Therefore the amount of capital needed to enter into the market act as a big the biggest barriers for companies to venture into the sector. Besides, there is a high level of specialization that also creates huge barriers. For example, there is a high level of information and companies with knowledge about heart diseases and cancer. However, a group researching on another condition other than these where there is few expert is likely to gain ground in the market (Tukdeo, et al., 2016). In the industry Biotech firms that has their operations, there are unique. This is because their intellectual property determines their value. Therefore, to this regard, the nature of the services in the industry, unlike in other industries, does not require them to depend on suppliers. For instance, to research on a particular vaccine, the CSL does not need suppliers but work using scientific tools, testing equipment, and computers that and other highly specialized items(Rothaermel, 2016). Therefore, the likelihood of suppliers invading the industry is very high. For example, there are small biotech companies that lack capabilities to distribute their new and existing medical drugs to the market, and therefore they are forced to license suppliers on their behalf to make their products available(Gascn, et al., 2016). The bargaining power of industry and firm customers is not the same across all levels which mean it is different based on different factors. For example, most of the companies selling pharmaceutical products have thousands of loyal consumers and therefore is not concerned on users revolt(Adams Williams, 2017). This is why buyers do not bargain when acquiring these products from the pharmacy unlike in other industries such as automobile sector. Further biotech enterprises sell some of their specialized products such as vaccines to hospitals and governments. The reason why the bargaining power is varying is that organizations acquiring drugs at huge value have more bargaining power when compared to individual buyers which as low bargaining powers with biotech firms(Gassmann, et al., 2013). The threat of substitutes in the industry is dependent on various factors such as the region. When companies develop a new product, they patent it to protect other firms from producing the same medicines, but this does not completely stop the threat. This is because, over time, many companies have capabilities of producing a similar product and provide it to the market a lower price(Ogorodova, et al., 2016). However, this does not apply to all drugs, but generic drugs have a problem because it requires the huge amount to investment to come up with new medicines which are sold at a high price to recover the cost incurred with RD. The threat of substitute is high because other firms can make the same drug and through copying the formula and availing it to the market at a fraction of the cost. The problem is substantial in countries where there is a low level of government control in the industry where the firm can make patented drugs and provide them to consumers at lower prices(Boni, 2016). There is intense competition between companies because there are thousands of biotech firms operating across the world. Even with many businesses, only less than 10% of them have a sizeable share of the market and strong revenue. This means the industry is tough and hard to generate revenues mark. The companies spend considerable time competing who better cure a particular medical condition and experts can work for long hours to discover new medicines. Besides, there are trade secrets that add values to company ability to reach the market. Looking at these factors, there is a high level of business rivalry between firms in the industry(Boni, 2016). The term corporate culture is explained as the behavioral expectations, values, and traditions identified among the employees. The organization uses its culture to fasten the level of innovation and create a desirable degree of customer satisfaction. The following are the core values of CSL. They include the provision of the positive working environment, diversity, open communication, developing employees talents, health, safety and wellbeing, building competencies, and reward and recognition(Hartnell, 2016). Ensuring Positive Working Environment CSL management is dedicated to the provision of a positive working environment for the contractors and buyers. The firms treat them in a fair and lawful manner, and this encourages the culture of respect and mutual trust. The managers ensure that the workers get regular training to enhance their knowledge and improve their skills to make a substantial contribution to business success(Croft, et al., 2017). Further, the company values diversity, collaboration, safety and the well-being of their consumers. The allocation of responsibilities in the workplace is designed in a way that it appreciate work and life balance. The strategy is meant to ensure that CSL Limited attracts, develop and retain high qualities of experts in a highly competitive environment and contribute to the success of business. The values are implemented through a range of policies implemented by HR department to ensure the workers right are satisfied(Coombs Alston, 2016). The company embraces open communication which is done promptly to their employees. The firm also welcomes a high level of consultation on issues of employment and direct association with them regarding union representation, workplace committees, and councils. To this regard, the company values the right to be represented by a union and enter into collective bargaining with the management, and this enables the company to have better interaction with employee representatives. The strategy is meant to ensure there no slavery and forced labor in the firm(Croft, et al., 2017). For every organization to develop, it is essential for the management to embrace diversity to ensure long-term success. CSL business conducts and policies are directed toward providing diversity in many forms such as gender balance, cultural background, ethnicity, age and sexual orientation in the work environment. The diversity policies are reviewed regularly based on necessity and the management set diversity objectives on an annual basis. This is a necessary step to the formation of consistent and reliable processes and systems that provide rich variety in the workplace(Coombs Alston, 2016). CSL Limited is determined to provide an environment where the professionals working there can learn and further development their skills. This is important as it ensures the availability of opportunities at all levels in the workplace. The objectives are to continually improve the skills and capabilities to make them develop products consistently and efficiently. In the end, the organization productivity and performance and guaranteed. This also makes employees stay in the organization because it helps in meet their career ambitions and goals(Croft, et al., 2017). Different employees working at various facilities and regions are awarded differently. However, the system of compensation is fair to both the companies and the workers, and this arrives through job evaluation and the market rates(Cawein, et al., 2017). For instance, there is set guidelines which ensure the reviews of all professional working at different levels, and this is done against the set objectives in the market. Further, these results of evaluations are attached to specific remuneration and rewards based on the level of seniority. For instance, the management ensures some schemes call for the reward of exceptional performance at local and regional levels(Gascn, et al., 2016). Developing Employees Talents In the firm, the level of skills and experience is essential for the growth and sustainability of the venture. As such, the management selects the best and manage their talent with a view of developing them and promoting them in the future promotion(Schijns O'Hagan, 2016). The scheme is meant to ensure that knowledge is facilitated, retained and further strengthened by the corporate culture. This is done through staff discussions to identify an area where training needs to be implemented, taking an employee to global forums and allocation of international assignments where employees broaden their understanding of cultural and business issues(Tukdeo, et al., 2016). Conclusion In conclusion CSL Limited is an international firm that deals with biopharmaceutical product used to treat severe medical conditions. The company operates in a biotech industry and has various regional branches. The industry in which it operates has a high competition brought by the need to acquire market share. In addition, there are low threats of substitutes, entry and low bargaining powers of buyers. The company culture is drive by dedication to train employees and make them competitive, ensuring diversity, a system of reward that focuses on rewarding best performing workers and developing employee talents for future promotions. in future the company need to evaluate and assess it culture to align it with the changing environment and invest heavily in research and development to keep bringing new products in the market to cure many problems. References Adams, B. Williams, K., 2017. Zone Pricing in Retail Oligopoly. s.l.:s.n. Baranes, A., 2016. 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